strains s mutans ua159  (ATCC)

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biomass of S. mutans biofilms exposed to distinct concentrations of the tested substances and controls. Biomass was inferred from the crystal violet staining assay by measuring the OD at 570 nm. Data are means, and the error bars correspond to 95% confidence interval (CI) ( n = 12). The asterisks (****) correspond to p ≤ 0.0001 (ANOVA one-way, followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test). GlcNAc: N -acetyl- d -glucosamine; ARG: arginine; PRO: proline; Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Staining, Comparison, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of tested substances on pH of spent media in S. mutans (A) and mixed-species ( S. mutans , S. gordonii , and A. naeslundii ) (B) biofilms. Data are means, and the error bars correspond to 95% CI. The asterisk (*) represents p ≤ 0.05 for arginine versus all other groups, while the number sign ( # ) represents p ≤ 0.05 for GlcNAc (ANOVA two-way, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test). Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of tested substances on S. mutans and mixed-species ( S. mutans , S. gordonii , and A. naeslundii ) biofilms. The figure depicts the viable bacterial population (CFU/biofilm), and the biomass (dry weight: mg/biofilm). The upper graphs represent the data from S. mutans biofilms (A,B), while the bottom graphs represent the data from mixed-species biofilms (C,D). Data are means, and the error bars correspond to 95% CI. The asterisk represents statistical difference for depicted comparisons (**** p ≤ 0.0001; *** p ≤ 0.001; ** p ≤ 0.01; * p ≤ 0.05; ANOVA one-way, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test for (A–C); ANOVA two-way, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test for (D)). Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microcolonies count (A) and total area occupied (B) in S. mutans single-species and mixed-species biofilms exposed to tested substances. The plotted data represent averages of counts and occupied area of biofilms at 67 h, and error bars indicate 95% CI ( n = 6 per biofilm). The asterisk represents statistical difference for depicted comparisons (**** p ≤ 0.0001; *** p ≤ 0.001; ** p ≤ 0.01; * p ≤ 0.05; ANOVA two-way, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test). Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Profiles of the distribution of exopolysaccharides and bacteria in S. mutans single-species biofilms exposed to tested substances. The data represent the mean percentage of coverage per area, ranging from the interface of the HA disc-biofilm to the outer layer of each biofilm at 67 h (error bars indicate 95% CI; n = 6 images per biofilm). The vertical line serves as a guide to compare the tested substances with the control, which contains no substance. Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Bacteria, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Architecture of S. mutans biofilms exposed to tested substances. Representative 3-D renderings of biofilms at 67 h of development. Green represents bacterial cells labeled with SYTO 9, and red represents the exopolysaccharides stained with Alexa Fluor 647-labeled dextran conjugate. The imaging was performed using a Zeiss LSM 780 AxioObserver microscope equipped with a 20×/0.5 objective lens. The larger image in each set represents the overlaid red and green channels. The scale bar corresponds to 50 μm. Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Labeling, Staining, Imaging, Microscopy, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Putative Prebiotics Can Disrupt 3D Architecture and Modulate the Microbial Population to Prevent Cariogenic Biofilm Build-Up In Vitro

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c11573

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biovolume of exopolysaccharides and bacteria in S. mutans single-species and mixed-species biofilms exposed to the tested substances. Biovolumes are represented as the biomasses (μm 3 /μm 2 ) of bacteria and exopolysaccharides for S. mutans (A) and mixed-species (B) biofilms at 67 h. These data were used to determine the ratio of bacterial biomass (biovolume) to exopolysaccharides (C). The plotted data represent averages, and error bars indicate 95% CI ( n = 6 per biofilm). The asterisk represents statistical difference for depicted comparisons (**** p ≤ 0.0001; *** p ≤ 0.001; ** p ≤ 0.01; ANOVA two-way, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test). Control: no substance.

Article Snippet: The strains S. mutans UA159 (ATCC 700610), A. naeslundii ATCC 12104, and S. gordonii DL-1 stocks (at −75 °C in tryptic soy broth plus 20% glycerol) were plated on blood agar plates (37 °C, 10% CO 2 , 48 h).

Techniques: Bacteria, Comparison, Control

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on planktonic S mutans . (A) Growth inhibition rate (%) of S mutans cells after THC treatment. THC concentrations of 2 μg/mL and above inhibited 90% of S mutans cell growth. The experiment was performed in triplicate and repeated 3 times. AMP, ampicillin. (B) The pH of the culture medium of planktonic growing S mutans in Brain Heart Infusion with increasing concentrations of THC. The experiment was repeated 3 times but no triplicates. ** P < .01, **** P < .0001.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol on S mutans biofilm formation. (A, B) The crystal violet staining was used to detect the biomass of the S mutans biofilm. (C) The live/dead assay was used to determine the viability of the S mutans biofilm. Relative fluorescent units indicate the value of each treatment group normalized to the solvent control. Those results were determined by the TECAN Spark. Each experiment was performed in triplicate and repeated 3 times. **** P < .0001.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Staining, Live Dead Assay, Solvent, Control

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhibited S mutans biofilm formation, and viability was examined by immunofluorescence. Each experiment was performed twice, and representative images were used. Pie charts show the proportions of integrated fluorescence intensity (IntDen, analyzed with ImageJ) corresponding to PI (red), SYTO 9 (green), and Cascade Blue Dextran (blue) signals. Scale bars represent 20 µm.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the preformed S mutans biofilm. (A, B) The crystal violet staining was used to detect the biomass of the S mutans biofilm. (C-F) The live/dead assay was used to determine the viability of the S mutans biofilm after 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours of treatment. (G) The methylthiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the metabolic activity of the S mutans biofilm. (H, I) The timeline of the live cells and dead cells after THC treatment for 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours. Those results were determined by the TECAN Spark. Each experiment was performed 3 times in triplicate. * P < .05, ** P < .01, *** P < .001, **** P < .0001.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Staining, Live Dead Assay, MTT Assay, Activity Assay

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the preformed S mutans biofilm viability. Biofilms were photographed under a fluorescence microscope after live/dead staining. The live cells are shown in green, and the dead cells in red. The figure shows a merged color of green and red, evaluating the viability of S mutans biofilm. At the 1-hour, 3-hour, and 6-hour time points, compared with the methanol group, the biofilm was more yellow and even red in the THC groups, and as the THC concentration increased, the color of the biofilm became redder, indicating a dose-dependent change. In the different concentration groups, as time increased, the color of the biofilm became increasingly red from 1 to 6 hours, while there was no obvious change in the methanol group, illustrating a time-dependent change. In the 24-hour group, the color of the biofilms in the THC groups was not as red as at 6 hours, consistent with the TECAN results. As shown in Figure 4H-I, the live cells increased, and the dead cells did not change much, suggesting that the effect of THC gradually diminished over 6 to 24 hours. Each experiment was performed twice, and representative images were used. Pie charts show the proportions of integrated fluorescence intensity (IntDen, analyzed with ImageJ) corresponding to PI (red) and SYTO 9 (green) signals. Scale bars represent 20 µm.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining, Concentration Assay

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Streptococcus mutans and Its Anticariogenic Potential

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.109386

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on S mutans membrane potential. (A) Performance and validation of negative (black bars) and positive (gray bars) controls for the membrane potential assays performed simultaneously in a 96-well microplate under harmonized conditions (Brain Heart Infusion medium, cellular density OD 600 = 0.03) using S mutans in the absence of cannabinoids. (B) The effect of different concentrations of THC on S mutans after a 5-minute treatment. ** P < .01, **** P < .0001.

Article Snippet: The S mutans strain (ATCC 25175) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Membrane, Biomarker Discovery